HPSC HCS Prelims Exam Paper II (CSAT) 24 July 2022 (Official Answer Key)

81. यदि अंश और हर दोनों में 3 जोड़ दिया जाए तो एक भिन्न 3/5 हो जाती है । अंश और हर दोनों में से 5 घटाने पर यह 1/2 हो जाती है । भिन्न क्या है ?
(A) 21/37
(B) 7/9
(C) 49/67
(D) 9/11

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82. तीन भिन्न हैं । जब सबसे बड़ी भिन्न को सबसे छोटी भिन्न से विभाजित किया जाता है, तो परिणाम 3/5, मध्य भिन्न से 1/3 अधिक होता है । यदि 3 भिन्नों का योग 3- है । सबसे बड़ी और मध्य भिन्न के बीच कितना अंतर होगा ?
(A) 142/13
(B) 109/120
(C) 69/25
(D) 49/40

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83. दो भिन्नों का गुणनफल 5/4 है और उनका भागफल 4/20 है । यदि एक भिन्न का हर दूसरे भिन्न के हर का 2/5 गुना है, तो दो भिन्नों का योग क्या है ?
(A) 3
(B) 6/5
(C) ⅔
(D) 1

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84. एक भिन्न के अंश और हर का योग हर के तीन गुने से 5 कम है । यदि अंश और हर में से 2 घटा दिया जाए, तो अंश हर का आधा हो जाता है । भिन्न निर्धारित कीजिए ?
(A) 4/7
(B) 4/3
(C) 5/9
(D) ¾

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निम्नलिखित 4 (चार) प्रश्नांश (सं. 85 से 88) के लिए निर्देश :

निम्नलिखित 4 प्रश्नांश अंग्रेजी के निम्नलिखित परिच्छेद पर आधारित हैं और अंग्रेजी भाषा के बोधन के परीक्षण के लिए हैं । अतः इन प्रश्नांशों का हिन्दी पाठ नहीं दिया जा रहा है।

Scientific studies can remind us of our kinship with animals, but on their own they cannot help us understand the meaning and importance of that kinship, nor its moral and political implications. For this, we need to examine our concepts and ideas about animals – a task that requires philosophy. As children grow up, they learn to think in terms of a variety of dichotomies, such as man and beast, nature and reason. The job of the philosopher, Midgley argued, is twofold. A philosopher must examine the way these forth, new images that will free our imaginations from their hold.

Humans do, of course, have exceptional capacities that make them different from, and also especially dangerous to, other kinds of animals. The idea that humans are different must be respected. We are not alone in eating other species, or in hunting and hurting them for play, as all cat lovers know. But language transforms these natural activities and gives us the power to alter our environment in ways that go far beyond that of other animals.

Elizabeth Anscombe, wrote about the ways in which the acquisition of language affects human life. She noted that there are some things you can get a person (or indeed a dog) to do without language. But if you can get them to make a promise or sign a contract – two activities reliant on human language – the possibilities for involving them in your plans become vast.

Advanced technology, industry, culture and art depend on the sorts of cooperation that would be impossible without human language. And each of these alters the way our natural animal instincts are realised in the world. Money, banking, commerce and trade allow our animal desire for warmth and shelter to be realised through hoarding resources. Territorial instincts, common to most animals, are reshaped through property rights. We farm at an industrial scale and eat other animals not just because we are hungry, but because to do so culturally signifies wealth or status.

Though it is our language that makes us the most dangerous of all the animals, Midgley thought it was nevertheless in language – rather than in science or technology – that our environmental salvation must lie. In her book Science and Poetry, she writes about the way in which metaphor and metre can return us to our childhood perspective – to looking under the fence that separates humans from other animals.

85 Which statement describes the word “Dual”?
(A) The possibilities for involving them in your plans become vast
(B) And each of these alters the way our natural animal instincts are realised
(C) The job of the philosopher, Midgley argued, is twofold
(D) Metaphor and metre can return us to our childhood perspective

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86. Find the closest synonym of the underlined word from the given sentence:
Scientific studies can remind us of our kinship with animals.
(A) Lineage
(B) Gregariousness
(C) Coalition
(D) Companionship

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87. Identify the verb from the given options based on the given sentence.
But language transforms these natural activities and gives us the power to alter our environment in ways that go far beyond that of other animals.
(A) Activities
(B) Transforms
(C) Ways
(D) Beyond

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88. Which of the following options best describes the given statement?
We farm at an industrial scale and eat other animals not just because we are hungry, but because to do so culturally signifies wealth or status.
(A) Human beings consume meat in a large scale
(B) Abundance and prestige drive human beings to act independent of their needs
(C) It is a common practice to eat animals whether one is hungry or not
(D) Most of the farming is done only for commercial purpose

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निम्नलिखित 4 (चार) प्रश्नांश (सं. 89 से 92) के लिए निर्देश :

निम्नलिखित 4 प्रश्नांश अंग्रेजी के निम्नलिखित परिच्छेद पर आधारित हैं और अंग्रेजी भाषा के बोधन के परीक्षण के लिए हैं । अतः इन प्रश्नांशों का हिन्दी पाठ नहीं दिया जा रहा है।

Macbeth is done upon a stronger and more systematic principle of contrast than any other of Shakespeare’s plays. It moves upon the verge of an abyss and is a constant struggle between life and death. The action is desperate, and the reaction is dreadful. It is a huddling together of fierce extremes, a war of opposite natures which of them shall destroy the other. There is nothing but what has a violent end or violent beginnings. The lights and shades are laid on with a determined hand; the transitions from triumph to despair, from the height of terror to the repose of death, are sudden and startling; every passion brings in its fellow-contrary, and the thoughts pitch and jostle against each other as in the dark. The whole play is an unruly chaos of strange and forbidden things, where the ground rocks under our feet. Shakespeare’s genius here took its full swing and trod upon the farthest bounds of nature and passion. William Hazlitt, Characters of Shakespeare’s Plays Macbeth completes William Shakespeare’s great tragic quartet while expanding, echoing, and altering key elements of let, Othello, and King Lear into one of the most terrifying stage experiences. Like Hamlet, Macbeth treats the consequences of regicide, but from the perspective of the usurpers, not the dispossessed. Like Othello, Macbeth centers its intrigue on the intimate relations of husband and wife. Like Lear, Macbeth explores female villainy, creating in Lady Macbeth one of Shakespeare’s most complex, powerful, and frightening woman characters. Different from Hamlet and Othello, in which the tragic action is reserved for their climaxes and an emphasis on cause over effect, Macbeth, like Lear, locates the tragic tipping point at the play’s outset to concentrate on inexorable consequences. Like Othello, Macbeth, Shakespeare’s shortest tragedy, achieves an almost unbearable intensity by eliminating subplots, inessential characters, and tonal shifts to focus almost exclusively on the crime’s devastating impact on husband and wife.

What is singular about Macbeth, compared to the other three great Shakespearean tragedies, is its villain-hero. If Hamlet mainly executes rather than murders, if Othello is “more sinned against than sinning,” and if Lear is “a very foolish fond old man” buffeted by surrounding evil, Macbeth knowingly chooses evil and becomes the bloodiest and most dehumanized of Shakespeare’s tragic protagonists. Macbeth treats coldblooded, premeditated murder from the killer’s perspective, anticipating the psychological dissection and guilt-ridden expressionism that Feodor Dostoevsky will employ in Crime and Punishment.

89 Which of the following words from the passage convey the meaning the action of killing a king’?
(A) Regicide
(B) Usurper
(C) Protagonist
(D) Executes

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90. Match the characters in column 1 with their description in column 2
. Column 1 – Column 2
(a) Hamlet – (i) Sinner
(b) Othello – (ii) Coldblooded
(c) Macbeth – (iii) Foolish
(d) King Lear – (iv) Executioner
(A) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (C)-(ii), (D)-(i)
(B) (a)-(ii), (b)-iii), (c)-(i), (D)-(iv)
(C) (a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (D)-(iv)
(D) (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (D)-(iii)

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91. Which of the following inferences can be made from the lines “What is singular about Macbeth, compared to the other three great Shakespearean tragedies, is its villain-hero.”
(A) No kind of comparison is drawn between the four tragedies written by Shakespeare
(B) Among the four tragedies written by Shakespeare, Macbeth is less of a tragedy.
(C) The protagonists from other tragedies are less coldblooded than Macbeth is
(D) Unlike the villains from other tragedies, Macbeth is vengeful and ambitious in his plans.

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92. Which of the following statements do NOT find a support in the given passage?
(A) King Lear and Hamlet are longer when compared to the tragedy Macbeth
(B) The climax of the plays Othello and Hamlet showcases the element of tragedy
(C) The contrast element is less in the other tragedies than that is seen in Macbeth
(D) In Macbeth, the reactions are terrible, and most actions depict a despair

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निम्नलिखित 4 (चार) प्रश्नांश (सं. 93 से 96) के लिए निर्देश :

निम्नलिखित 4 प्रश्नांश अंग्रेजी के निम्नलिखित परिच्छेद पर आधारित हैं और अंग्रेजी भाषा के बोधन के परीक्षण के लिए हैं । अतः इन प्रश्नांशों का हिन्दी पाठ नहीं दिया जा रहा है।

India is the second largest producer of fish in the world, employing over 14 million people in fishing and aquaculture. Increasing pressure on fish stocks, overcrowding of boats, pollution, degradation of habitats and destructive fishing practices threaten the ecosystem and livelihoods of millions. Nearly 70 percent of by-catch i.e. unwanted fish collected by fishing vessels is typically discarded to make way for commercially important fish species. However, the ability of our seas to replenish depends on the survival of this juvenile fish. When traditional diamond-shaped nets are in water, the gaps in the nets compress, leaving little room for smaller fish to escape. However, the square shaped mesh retains its shape in the water and juvenile fish below a certain size can escape through the gap in the nets.

The square mesh net was introduced in Sindhudurg region through a partnership between the Government of Maharashtra and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) which aims to demonstrate that biodiversity conservation of coastal areas and sustainable livelihoods can go hand in hand. The partnership is supported by the Global Environment Facility (GEF).

The partnership brought in technical expertise from the Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, working closely with local fisherfolk to introduce the square mesh net in the cod end of trawl gears in Sindhudurg. Met with initial scepticism in this important fish landing centre, the initiative has gone a long way in becoming something that fishermen have embraced in their journey to sustainable marine fishing. Since 2015, every trawler in the district now uses square mesh nets.

The new technology has increased income by INR 10,000 (USS152) each month because diesel consumption has declined. On an average catch of 18 kgs, it is estimated that the square mesh allows over 3 kgs of juvenile fish and other aquatic mammals to escape, important for the survival of the seas. At first, fishermen were worried that the new nets would exclude big fish and their catch would decline but during the trials they saw how it worked. The nets are gaining popularity and net makers in the region are now being trained to stich square mesh nets for use by fishing trawlers along the state. Witnessing the movement underway in Sindhudurg where over 300 trawlers have adopted more sustainable fishing practices, Maharashtra’s Fisheries Department has now issued an order proposing the mandatory use of square mesh nets for all 17.000 trawlers in the region.

Fishermen along India’s western coast are now using square mesh nets and practicing sustainable marine fishing. It is earning them higher incomes, protecting marine biodiversity and paving the way for policy change in one of the country’s most important fishing coastlines.

93. From the passage identify the TRUE and FALSE statements?
(a) Using square nets by fishermen can curtail overfishing.
(b) The practice of adopting square nets is financially sustainable.
(c) Fishermen were always enthusiastic about using square nuts.
(d) Young fish cannot survive when farmers use square nets extensively.
(e) In the near future, many states are likely to insist that fishermen use square nets.
(A) (a)-(T), (b)-(T), (c)-(T), (d)-(F), (e)-(T)
(B) (a)-(T), (b)-(T), (c)-(F), (d)-(F), (e)-(F)
(C) (a)-(F), (b)-(T), (c)-(F), (d)-(T), (e)-(T)
(D) (a)-(T), (b)-(T), (c)-(F), (d)-(F), (e)-(T)

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94. Which of the following can be inferred from the statement “Since 2015, every trawler in the district now uses square mesh nets”?
(A) Fishing has become sustainable in Sindhudurg since 2015.
(B) After 2015 in Sindhudurg farmers were allowed to sell only big fish.
(C) Before 2015 sale of only juvenile fish dominated the Sindhudurg fish market.
(D) There was a very strong movement by farmers against square mesh nets in 2015.

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95. Which of the following inferences can be drawn based on the lines “The new technology has increased income by INR 10,000 (US$152) each month because diesel consumption has declined. On an average catch of 18 kgs, it is estimated that the square mesh allows over 3 kgs of juvenile fish and other aquatic mammals to escape, important for the survival of the seas”?
(A) The new technology adopted is leading to the escape of 3 kgs of juvenile fish.
(B) Square mesh nets are profitable for the farmer and his savings will also increase.
(C) When diesel consumption and juvenile fish capture increase, it is unsafe for marine biodiversity.
(D) By adopting square mesh nets all farmers will capture at least 21 kgs of fish.

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96. Which of the following sentences from the passage holds the word which conveys the meaning “Have doubts about the truth of something”?
(A) Met with initial scepticism in this important fish landing centre, the initiative has gone a long way.
(B) Maharashtra’s Fisheries Department has now issued an order proposing the mandatory use of square mesh nets
(C) Biodiversity conservation of coastal areas and sustainable livelihoods can go hand in hand
(D) Net makers in the region are now being trained to stich square mesh nets

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निम्नलिखित 4 (चार) प्रश्नांश (सं. 97 से 100) के लिए निर्देश :

निम्नलिखित 4 प्रश्नांश अंग्रेजी के निम्नलिखित परिच्छेद पर आधारित हैं और अंग्रेजी भाषा के बोधन के परीक्षण के लिए हैं । अतः इन प्रश्नांशों का हिन्दी पाठ नहीं दिया जा रहा है।

The rich have many assets; the poor have only one—their labour. Because good jobs are slow to come to the poor, the poor must move to find productive employment. Migration is, therefore, the most effective way to reduce poverty and share prosperity, the twin goals of the World Bank. Not surprisingly, all development experiences and growth episodes in history have involved a reallocation of labour across space and sectors within countries.

According to ‘Moving for Prosperity: Global Migration and Labour Markets’, however, some of the biggest gains come from the movement of people between countries. Migrants incomes increase three to six times when they move from lower- to higher-income countries. These gains remain largely notional because most people cannot move. Only about 3 percent of the world’s population live in a country in which they were not born, a proportion that has not changed much over six decades of otherwise unprecedented global integration, via trade, investment, and knowledge flows. Distances in space, culture, and language are inherent impediments to mobility. The most important barriers are, however, national borders.

The gains for immigrants do not come at the expense of host countries because the hosts benefit from the complementary skills that immigrants bring, or because hosts are consumers of the products and services immigrants provide. Almost every empirical study finds that increased labour mobility leads to large gains for the immigrants and positive overall gains for the destination country. That creates a puzzle. The compelling economic evidence on the economic gains and social benefits of migration sits awkwardly with stark political opposition to immigration. Respondents to political opinion polls rate the arrival of immigrants in their countries as among their worst fears. Citizens worried about what migrants and refugees would do to jobs and wages, welfare programs, crime, schools, and their national identity. Frustrated by the public’s disregard of their empirical findings, many economists attribute political opposition to cultural and social factors, including xenophobia.

97. From the lines “These gains remain largely notional because most people cannot move” it can be inferred that
(A) People are made to move to other countries against their wishes.
(B) Theoretically migration is likely to look like a boon to many.
(C) People migrate to another country only with the intention of gains.
(D) Any form of gains for the migrants is only temporary and permanent.

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98. The statement from the passage, ‘The gains for immigrants do not come at the expense of host countries.’ means
(A) The immigrants can make a comfortable living only if the host countries agree.
(B) The immigrants are contributing to the host countries and not the other way.
(C) The host countries do not have to make any sacrifices to accommodate immigrants.
(D) The host countries will have to spend a lot of their resources to maintain immigrants.

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99. Which of the following words from the last sentence in the passage conveys the following meaning “Dislike of or prejudice against people from other countries”?
(A) Frustrated
(B) Disregard
(C) Empirical
(D) Xenophobia

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100. Which of the following can be inferred from the statement “Because good jobs are slow to come to the poor, the poor must move to find productive employment”?
(A) Productive employment is not in the reach of the locals from host countries
(B) Economically sound people have greater chances of finding lucrative jobs
(C) To find profitable employment one should not be an immigrant in a host country.
(D) Poor people have no chance of getting a lucrative job in their own country,

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