NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science (Geography : Resource and Development)
The NCERT Solutions in English Language for Class 8 Social Science (Geography : Resource and Development) Chapter – 5 (Industries) has been provided here to help the students in solving the questions from this exercise.
Geography (Resource and Development)
- Chapter – 1 — Resources
- Chapter – 2 — Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
- Chapter – 3 — Mineral and Power
- Chapter – 4 — Agriculture
- Chapter – 6 — Human Resources
Chapter – 5 (Industries)
1. Answer the following questions.
(i) What is meant by the term ‘industry’?
Answer – The industry refers to economic activity that is concerned with the production of goods, extraction of minerals or the provision of services.
(ii) Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
Answer – The factors affecting the location of industries are the availability of raw material, land, water, labour, power, capital, transport and market. Industries are situated where some or all of these factors are easily available.
(iii) Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry and why?
Answer – Iron and steel industry is often referred as the backbone of the modern industry because all the tools, machineries, equipments, material for construction, etc. are made up of either iron or its alloys.
(iv) Why has the cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?
Answer – The warm and moist climate, proximity to the port, easy availability of raw materials and skilled labour helped in the rapid expansion of the cotton textile industry in Mumbai.
2. Tick the correct answer.
(i) Fort Gloster is located in
(a) West Bengal
(b) California
(c) Gujarat
Answer – (a) West Bengal
(ii) Which one of the following is a natural fiber?
(a) nylon
(b) jute
(c) acrylic
Answer – (b) Jute
3. Distinguish between the following.
(i) Agro-based and mineral-based industry
Answer – Agro-based and mineral based industry
| Agro-based Industry | Mineral-based Industry |
| Plants and animals products are used as row material. | Uses mineral as raw material. |
| Man power are related to mainly in rural areas. | Man power are related to both rural as well as urban areas. |
| Example: Dairy industry, cotton textile industry, etc. | Example: Iron and steel industry, heavy machinery industry, etc. |
(ii) Public sector and joint sector industry
Answer – Public sector and joint sector industry
| Public Sector | Joint Sector Industry |
| It is operated and owned by government. | It is owned and operated by the government and individuals or group of individuals. |
| Example: Steel authority of India, Hindustan aeronautics limited, etc. | Example: Maruti Udyog Limited, etc. |
4. Give two examples of the following in the space provided :
(i) Raw Materials: _____________ and _____________________
(ii) End products: _______________ and _________________________
(iii) Tertiary Activities: ________________ and __________
(iv) Agro-based Industries: ____________ and ____________
(v) Cottage Industries: ___________ and ________________
(vi) Co-operatives: ______________________ and _____________
Answer –
(i) Raw Materials: Iron ore and limestone
(ii) End products: Iron and steel
(iii) Tertiary Activities: Transport and banking
(iv) Agro-based Industries: Sugar and vegetable oil
(v) Cottage Industries: Basket making and weaving
(vi) Co-operatives: Mother Dairy and Anand Milk Union Limited (Amul)
