NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science
Contemporary India II (Geography)
The NCERT Solutions in English Language for Class 10 Social Science Contemporary India II (Geography) Chapter – 1 (Resources and Development) has been provided here to help the students in solving the questions from this exercise.
Chapter – 1 (Resources and Development)
| Exercises |
1. Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following types of resource is iron ore?
(a) Renewable
(b) Biotic
(c) Flow
(d) Non-renewable
Answer – (d) Non-renewable
(ii) Under which of the following type of resources can tidal energy not be put?
(a) Replenishable
(b) Human-made
(c) Abiotic
(d) Non-recyclable
Answer – (a) Replenishable
(iii) Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
(a) Intensive cultivation
(b) Deforestation
(c) Over-irrigation
(d) Overgrazing
Answer – (c) Over-irrigation
(iv) In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?
(a) Punjab
(b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh
(c) Haryana
(d) Uttarakhand
Answer – (d) Uttarakhand
(v) In which of the following states is black soil predominantly found?
(a) Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Jharkhand
Answer – (b) Maharashtra
2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.
Answer – Maharashtra, Gujrat, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh are states having black soil. Cotton is mainly grown in black soil. Other crops which can be grown in black soil are rice, sugarcane, wheat, Jawar, linseed etc.
(ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.
Answer – Alluvial soil is found in the river deltas of the Eastern coast. Three main features of this type of soil are
(i) It is very fertile.
(ii) It is a transported soil.
(iii) The soil contains adequate proportion of potash, phosphoric acid and lime.
(iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in hilly areas?
Answer – Following steps should be taken to control soil erosion in hilly areas
1. Ploughing along the contour lines can slow down the flow of water down the slopes.
2. Terrace cultivation can be brought into practice as it restricts erosion.
3. Western and Central Himalayas have well developed terrace farming.
4. Strip cropping can be done by growing strips of grass between the crops.
5. Planting lines of trees to create shelter.
6. Shelter belts have contributed significantly to the stabilisation of sand dunes and in stabilising the desert in Western India.
(iv) What are the biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.
Answer – All living organisms in our environment are called biotic resources. For example trees animals insects etc.Abiotic Resources – All non-living things present in our environment are termed as abiotic resources. For example – earth air water metals rocks etc.
3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Explain the land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-61.
Answer – Land resources in India are primarily divided into agricultural land, forest land, land meant for pasture and grazing, and waste land. Waste land includes rocky, arid and desert areas, and land used for other non-agricultural purposes such as housing, roads and industry. According to the recent data, about 54% of the total land area is cultivable or fallow, 22.5% is covered by forests, and 3.45% is used for grazing. The rest is waste land, with traces of miscellaneous cultivation.
The improper use of forest land has degraded the available land area, and has made conservation of forests difficult. Human activities such as deforestation, mining and quarrying have contributed to the slow growth rate of forests. Thus, land under forest has increased by only about 4% since 1960-61.
(ii) How has technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources?
Answer – Technical and economic development have led to more consumption of resources on account of various factors such as:
- Technological development provides sophisticated equipment. As a result, production increases ultimately leading to consumption of more resources.
- Technological development also leads to economic development. When the economic condition of a country rises, the needs of people also rise. It again results into more consumption of resources.
- Economic development provides favorable environment for the development of latest technologies. It helps to make or convert various materials found around us into resources. Finally, it results into the consumption of new available resources too.
