There were many freedom movements in India before Independence, due to which Uttarakhand was also not untouched. Major movements like Kuli Begar and Dola Palki also took place in Uttarakhand. At the same time, the level of independence of India also continued to rise in Uttarakhand. Some of the major independent struggles are as follows :-
Freedom Movements in Uttarakhand
Revolution of 1857 and subsequent movements –
The 1857 movement had little impact in Uttarakhand Because the British rule looked more reformist than the Gurkha rule, Kumaon Commissioner Ramsay was a very skilled and generous ruler, The state lacked education, communication, and traffic.
Kalu Singh Mahara of Bisung village in Champawat district started a Krantivir Organization in Kumaon region and launched a movement against the British. He is also called the first freedom fighter of Uttarakhand.
On 17 September 1857, more than one thousand revolutionaries took control in Haldwani of Kumaon region, Due to this incident many revolutionaries sacrificed themselves.
Established a Debating Club at Almora in 1870 AD and Almora Newspaper started from 1871, In 1903 AD, Happy Club was founded by Pandit Govind Ballabh Pant. Almora Congress was established in 1912 to organize the ongoing movement in the state.
The Kumaon Council was formed in 1916 by leaders like Govind Ballabh Pant, Hargovind Pant, Badridatta Pandey, etc. to consider the social, economic, political, and educational problems of the state.
The freedom movement started relatively later in the Garhwal region, The Garhwal Congress Committee was formed in 1918 with the efforts of Barristers Mukundi Lal and Anusuya Prasad Bahuguna. Many people participated enthusiastically in the Non-Cooperation Movement started by Gandhiji in 1920 and thousands of freedom fighters of the Kumaon division swore not to do Kuli Begar on the banks of the Saryu River in Bageshwar and the related registry was flown into the river.
In 1929, Gandhiji and Nehru held meetings in Haldwani, Bhawali, Almora, Bageshwar and Kausani, during which Gandhi wrote a commentary on the Gita under the name Avashkti Yoga.
On 23 April 1930 in Peshawar, under the leadership of Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali, a soldier of 2/18 Garhwal Rifle, refused to open fire on unarmed Afghan freedom fighters, the incident is known as ‘Peshawar Kand’.
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