{"id":6890,"date":"2024-01-16T04:57:09","date_gmt":"2024-01-16T04:57:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/theexampillar.com\/ncert\/?p=6890"},"modified":"2024-01-16T04:57:09","modified_gmt":"2024-01-16T04:57:09","slug":"ncert-solutions-class-10-science-chapter-6-life-process","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theexampillar.com\/ncert\/ncert-solutions-class-10-science-chapter-6-life-process\/","title":{"rendered":"NCERT Solutions Class 10 (Science) Chapter 6 (Life Process)"},"content":{"rendered":"

NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

The NCERT Solutions in English Language for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 (Life Process) <\/strong>have been provided here to help the students solve the questions from this exercise.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Chapter – 6 (Life Process)\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Questions<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirement of multicellular organisms like us ?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>Multicellular organisms such as humans possess complex body designs. They have specialised cells and tissues for performing various necessary functions of the body such as intake of food and oxygen. Unlike unicellular organisms, multicellular cells are not in direct contact with the outside environment. Therefore, diffusion cannot meet their oxygen requirements.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. What criteria do we use to decide whether something is alive ?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>Any visible movement such as walking, breathing, or growing is generally used to decide whether something is alive or not. However, a living organism can also have movements, which are not visible to the naked eye. Therefore, the presence of life processes is a fundamental criterion that can be used to decide whether something is alive or not.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. What are outside raw materials used by an organism ?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>Food by heterotrophic organisms ; carbon dioxide, minerals, sunlight and water by autotrophic organisms ; oxygen by all aerobic organisms.<\/span><\/p>\n

4. What processes would you consider essential for maintaining life ?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>Life processes of nutrition, metabolism, respiration, exchange of materials, transportation, excretion and awareness.<\/span><\/p>\n

Questions<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. What are the differences between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition ?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer –\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Autotrophic Nutrition<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nHeterotrophic Nutrition<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Organism prepares its own food and is not dependent on any other organism.<\/span><\/td>\nAn organism that does not prepare its own food and is dependent on other organisms for food.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Food is prepared from CO2<\/sub>, water, and sunlight.<\/span><\/td>\nFood cannot be prepared from CO2<\/sub>, water, or sunlight.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chlorophyll is required for food preparation.<\/span><\/td>\nChlorophyll is not required for food preparation.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Green plants and certain bacteria have autotrophic modes of nutrition.<\/span><\/td>\nAll animals and fungi, most bacteria, have heterotrophic modes of nutrition.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2. Where does the plant get each of the raw materials for photosynthesis ?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer –\u00a0<\/strong>Plants require the following raw material for photosynthesis:
\n1. Carbon Dioxide: At through stomata.
\n2. Water: Soil through roots.
\n3. Minerals: Soil through roots. ,<\/span><\/p>\n

3. What is the role of acid in our stomach ?\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>The hydrochloric acid (HCl) present in our stomach dissolves bits of food and creates an acidic medium. In this acidic medium, ezyme pepsinogen is converted to pepsin, which is a protein- digesting enzyme.<\/span><\/p>\n

4. <\/strong>What is the junction of digestive enzymes ?\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>Digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, pepsin, trypsin, etc. help in the breaking down of complex food particles into simple ones. These simple particles can be easily absorbed by the blood and thus transported to all the cells of the body.<\/span><\/p>\n

5.\u00a0How is small intestine designed to absorb digested food ?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>The small intestine has small projections called microvilli, which increase the surface volume, making the absorption more effective. Within the villi, there are numerous blood vessels that absorb digested food and carry it to the bloodstream. Blood transports food to each part of our body.<\/span><\/p>\n

Questions<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. What advantage does a terrestrial organism possess over aquatic organism with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration ?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>Air contains about 21% of oxygen while water ha\u00e0 less than 1% oxygen in dissolved state. A terrestrial organism is able to get several times more oxygen than an aquatic organism.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in various organisms ?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer –\u00a0<\/strong>Glucose is first broken down in the cell cytoplasm into a three carbon molecule called pyruvate. Pyruvate is further broken down by different ways to provide energy.<\/span>
\nThe breakdown of glucose by different pathways can be illustrated as follows.<\/span>
\n\"NCERT<\/span>
\nIn yeast and human muscle cells, the breakdown of pyruvate occurs in the absence of oxygen whereas in mitochondria, the breakdown of pyruvate occurs in the presence of oxygen.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. <\/strong>How is oxygen and carbon dioxide transported in human beings ?\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer –
\n<\/strong>Oxygen:
\n<\/strong>1. 97% in combined state with haemoglobin called oxyhaemoglobin.
\n2. 3% dissolved in plasma.<\/span><\/p>\n

Carbon Dioxide:
\n<\/strong>1. 5-7% as dissolved in plasma.
\n2. 70% as sodium bicarbonate in plasma.
\n3. 23% in combined state with haemoglobin called carbaminohaemoglobin.<\/span><\/p>\n

4. <\/strong>How are lungs designed in human beings to maximise the area for exchange of gases ?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>The exchange of gases takes place between the blood of the capillaries that surround the alveoli and the gases present in the alveoli. Thus, alveoli are the site for exchange of gases. The lungs get filled up with air during the process of inhalation as ribs are lifted up and diaphragm is flattened. The air that is rushed inside the lungs fills the numerous alveoli present in the lungs. lung contains 300-350 million alveoli. These numerous alveoli increase the surface area for gaseous exchange making the process of respiration more efficient.<\/span><\/p>\n

Questions<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. What are the components of the transport system in human beings ? What are the junctions of these components ?
\n<\/strong>Answer – <\/strong>Human transport system has two components, blood vascular system and lymphatic system..<\/span>
\nBlood Vascular System:<\/strong>\u00a0It consists of blood, blood vessels (tubes) and heart.<\/span>
\nHeart:<\/strong>\u00a0It is pumping organ of blood vascular system.<\/span>
\nBlood<\/strong> : Blood transports oxygen, nutrients, CO2, and nitrogenous wastes.
\nBlood vessels :\u00a0<\/strong>Blood vessels, arteries and veins carry blood to all parts of the body.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and birds ?\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>Mammals and birds are warm blooded animals. They constantly use energy to maintain their body temperature. They have a higher energy need and require more oxygenated blood for their cells. It is important that their oxygenated blood does not mix up with deoxygenated blood.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. What are the components of the transport system in highly organised plants ?\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>Transport system of highly organised plants consists of xylem and phloem.<\/span>
\nXylem:<\/strong>\u00a0It is used in transport of water and minerals. Xylem is made of tracheids, vessels, xylem fibres and xylem parenchyma. Tracheids and vessels constitute the tracheary elements or channels for transport of water and minerals.<\/span>
\nPhloem:<\/strong>\u00a0It is used for transport or translocation of organic solutes or food. Phloem consists of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibres and phloem parenchyma. Sieve tubes constitute the channels for transport of food materials.<\/span><\/p>\n

4. How are water and minerals transported in plants ?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>In plants, water and minerals are transferred from the soil to the leaves by the xylem cells. Root cells obtain salts from the soil, this creates a difference in the concentration of soil and root salts, due to which there is a constant movement of water in the xylem. Due to transpiration, there is a continuous loss of water and there is suction, due to which the constant movement of water is maintained, thus water and minerals are transported.<\/span><\/p>\n

5. <\/strong>How is food transported in plants ?<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer – <\/strong>Phloem transports food materials from the leaves to different parts of the plant body.\u00a0The transportation of food in phloem is achieved by utilizing energy from ATP. As a result of this, the osmotic pressure in the tissue increases causing water to move into it. This pressure moves the material in the phloem to the tissues which have less pressure. This is helpful in moving materials according to the needs of the plant. For example, the food material, such as sucrose, is transported into the phloem tissue using ATP energy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Questions<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. Describe the structure and functions of nephron.<\/strong><\/span>
\nAnswer –\u00a0<\/strong>Nephrons are the basic filtering units of kidneys. Each kidney possesses large number of nephrons, approximately 1-1.5 million. The main components of the nephron are glomerulus, Bowman\u2019s capsule, and a long renal tubule.
\nFunctioning of a nephron:
\n\"NCERT
\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n